Thelansis

  Sialorrhea, also termed ptyalis or drooling, is an incapacitating phenomenon characterized by an excess accumulation of saliva in the oral cavity extending beyond the labial boundary. While drooling is common in typically developing infants, its prevalence diminishes between 15 to 36 months of age with the establishment of salivary control. Post the age of 4; this condition is regarded as abnormal. Pathological sialorrhea may arise as an isolated event due to heightened salivary secretion or may manifest concomitantly with various neurological conditions like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD), cerebral palsy (CP), or as an adverse effect of medications. In the pediatric population, CP is the leading cause of sialorrhea, persisting in 10%–38% of affected individuals. Conversely, PD is the predominant etiological factor in adults, accounting for sialorrhea in 70%–80% of PD patients. Notably, using clozapine in schizophrenic patients results in hypersal...