Thelansis

  Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a condition where an individual involuntarily loses urine while asleep after the age at which bladder control usually begins. NE can cause distress to both children and their families, and can have an adverse impact on behavior, social life, self-esteem, and emotional well-being. NE is common, especially at school entry age, but will spontaneously resolve in over 50% of children by the time they are 10 years old. The aetiology of NE is multifactorial and involves social, behavioral, genetic, and clinical factors. The most common risk factor is genetic/family history. In twin studies, identical twins showed greater concordance compared with non-identical twins (68% and 36%). If one parent has childhood NE, around 50% of their children are affected, increasing to 75% if both parents are affected ¹. Some genetic loci for NE have been identified. The underlying pathophysiology of NE is understood as a complex combination of reduced nocturnal bladder capac...