Wolfram Syndrome – Market Outlook, Epidemiology, Competitive Landscape, and Market Forecast Report – 2023 To 2033

Wolfram syndrome, also referred to as DIDMOAD, is a hereditary condition commonly characterized by childhood-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and progressive optic atrophy. It is caused by mutations in two genes: WFS1 (4p16.1) and CISD2 (4q24). WFS1 produces Wolframin, a protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that maintains calcium levels and responds to unfolded proteins. Mutations in WFS1 are primarily responsible for most Wolfram syndrome symptoms, defining WS1. CISD2, on the other hand, encodes the ERIS protein, which moves dynamically between the ER and the outer membrane of mitochondria, regulating glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, calcium balance, and autophagy. Mutations in CISD2 lead to WS2. Common symptoms of Wolfram syndrome encompass diabetes mellitus, optic nerve deterioration, central diabetes insipidus, sensorineural hearing loss, urinary tract issues, and progressive neurological challenges. Diabetes mellitus is the initial sign, often diagnosed...