Thelansis

 Congenital hearing loss, present at birth, results from impaired conversion of vibratory mechanical energy of sound into electrical energy of nerve impulses in the ear. This type of hearing loss is categorized based on the location of the lesion, with conductive hearing loss affecting the outer or middle ear, and sensorineural hearing loss affecting the inner ear, auditory nerve, or central auditory pathway. Risk factors for congenital or late-onset childhood hearing loss include a positive family history of permanent congenital hearing loss. Hearing loss can also be classified as syndromic or non-syndromic, depending on the presence or absence of co-inherited physical or laboratory findings. Non-syndromic hearing loss is highly heterogeneous, with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss being the most common genetic type, typically present at birth, and autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss being progressive with later onset, accounting for the remaining cases. X-l...