Thelansis

 Melanoma originates from melanocytes found in pigmented tissues, including the skin, eyes, and intestines. Approximately 90% of melanoma cases are initially diagnosed as primary tumors, showing no signs of metastasis. However, melanoma tends to spread to the brain when it becomes malignant. The major oncogenic mutations associated with melanoma involve genes like BRAF, NRAS, c-KIT, PTEN, and GNAQ/GNA11. Among these, BRAF mutations are the most extensively studied, with a prevalence ranging from 50% to 60% in primary melanoma cases. A small percentage, around 5% to 12% of melanoma patients, have a family history of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in their first-degree relatives. Over 75 somatic mutations in the BRAF gene have been identified in melanoma, all of which lead to the constitutive activation of BRAF. These mutations are found in the activating segment within exon 15 or the glycine-rich loop (P-loop) in exon 11 of the BRAF protein's kinase domain. In BRAF mutant melano...

 Melanoma arises from the melanocytes of cutaneous or other pigmented tissues such as the eyes or intestines. About 90% of melanomas are diagnosed as primary tumors without any evidence of metastasis. Melanoma when malignant, has a marked propensity to metastasize to the brain. Australia has the highest melanoma incidence rate, and New Zealand has the highest melanoma mortality rate. The major oncogenic mutations associated with melanoma are BRAF, NRAS, c-KIT, PTEN and GNAQ/GNA11. BRAF is the most widely studied mutation; prevalence in primary melanoma ranges from 50% to 60%. Around 5% to 12% of the patients with melanoma have a family history of CMM in one or more first-degree relatives. ·        So far, more than 75 somatic mutations in the BRAF gene have been identified in melanoma, and all mutations at V600 in exon 15 constitutively activate BRAF. ·        The mutations are either in the activating segment in exon ...

  Melanoma arises from the melanocytes of cutaneous or other pigmented tissues such as the eyes or intestines. About 90% of melanomas are diagnosed as primary tumors without any evidence of metastasis. Melanoma when malignant has a marked propensity to metastasize to the brain. Australia has the highest melanoma incidence rate, New Zealand has the highest melanoma mortality rate. The major oncogenic mutations associated with melanoma are BRAF, NRAS, c-KIT, PTEN, and GNAQ/GNA11. BRAF is the most widely studied mutation; prevalence in primary melanoma ranges from 50% to 60%. Around 5% to 12% of the patients with melanoma have a family history of CMM in one or more first-degree relatives. ·        So far, more than 75 somatic mutations in the BRAF gene have been identified in melanoma, and all mutations at V600 in exon 15 constitutively activate BRAF. ·        The mutations are either in the activating segment in exon 15 ...