Thelansis

 Hypoparathyroidism manifests as a condition typified by decreased serum calcium levels and elevated serum phosphorus levels attributable to deficient secretion or activity of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Etiologically, hypoparathyroidism can arise as a component of either pluriglandular autoimmune disorders or complex congenital anomalies, exemplified by autosomal dominant DiGeorge syndrome or hypoparathyroidism, deafness, and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndromes. Moreover, isolated or idiopathic hypoparathyroidism denotes cases devoid of accompanying systemic abnormalities. The etiology of hypoparathyroidism is multifactorial and encompasses: 1.        Developmental anomalies of the parathyroid glands 2.        Iatrogenic injuries to the parathyroid glands 3.        Diminished parathyroid gland function due to dysregulated regulatory mechanisms 4.        Impair...

  Hypoparathyroidism is an endocrine disorder in which the parathyroid glands are either removed or produce insufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH). The resulting decrease in PTH, which controls calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D levels in the blood and bone, causes derangements in mineral homeostasis, including hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. Hypoparathyroidism is most often acquired, caused by head and neck surgery during which the parathyroid glands are either intentionally or inadvertently removed or damaged; it can also be congenital, idiopathic, or the result of an autoimmune disorder. Patients with Hypoparathyroidism most often present with paresthesia, cramps, or tetany, but the disorder also may manifest acutely with seizures, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, or cardiac rhythm disturbances. In the postoperative setting, the presentation can be acute, with tetany, cramping, tachycardia, and altered mental status dominating the picture. The disorder occurs in both acquired and ...

  Hypoparathyroidism is an endocrine disorder in which the parathyroid glands are either removed or produce insufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH). The resulting decrease in PTH, which controls calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D levels in the blood and bone, causes derangements in mineral homeostasis, including hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. Hypoparathyroidism is most often acquired, caused by head and neck surgery during which the parathyroid glands are either intentionally or inadvertently removed or damaged; it can also be congenital, idiopathic, or the result of an autoimmune disorder. Patients with Hypoparathyroidism most often present with paresthesia, cramps, or tetany, but the disorder also may manifest acutely with seizures, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, or cardiac rhythm disturbances. In the postoperative setting, the presentation can be acute, with tetany, cramping, tachycardia, and altered mental status dominating the picture. The disorder occurs in both acquired and ...