Thelansis

  Critical limb ischemia (CLI) represents the most severe manifestation of peripheral artery disease, characterized by chronic ischemic rest pain, ulceration, or gangrene due to peripheral arterial vessel occlusion. Diagnosis of CLI relies on clinical assessments, including the ankle-brachial index (ABI), toe systolic pressure, and transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2). CLI diagnosis is confirmed when ischemic rest pain coexists with an ankle pressure <50 mmHg or a toe pressure <30 mmHg, or in patients with foot ulcers or gangrene exhibiting an ankle pressure <70 mmHg, a toe systolic pressure <50 mmHg, or TcPO2 <30 mmHg. CLI typically arises from multi-segmental peripheral artery disease, resulting in compromised blood flow to peripheral tissues. Concurrent impairment in cardiac output can exacerbate peripheral perfusion in CLI patients. Diminished tissue oxygenation and nutrition may lead to claudication or rest pain, although these symptoms may be attenuated or ...