Thelansis

  Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin condition characterized by eczematous manifestations. Its etiology typically involves exposure to chemicals or metal ions, which elicit toxic effects through direct irritation without eliciting a T-cell response (as seen in contact irritants) or by modifying proteins and triggering innate and adaptive immune reactions (seen in contact allergens). This condition encompasses two main subtypes: irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. Irritant contact dermatitis manifests as a non-specific reaction of the skin to direct chemical damage, primarily mediated by inflammatory mediators released from epidermal cells. On the other hand, allergic contact dermatitis represents a delayed hypersensitivity reaction (type 4) to external antigens. Immunological mechanisms underlying contact dermatitis involve the interplay of cytokines and T cells. Notably, skin lesions in photo-contact allergic dermatitis are localized to sun-exposed areas ...