Thelansis

 Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) infection is characterized by the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum for at least six months. The markers HBeAg and HBV DNA, assessed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, serve as indicators of viral replication and infectivity, whereas HBsAg signifies the presence of hepatitis B viral infection. Severe complications associated with chronic infection encompass cirrhosis, liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, and mortality. In a minority of cases, HBV DNA can be detected in the serum without concurrent HBeAg presence. This phenomenon is attributed to the "pre-core" mutant, which impedes the production and release of the "e" antigen, despite ongoing HBV DNA replication and is associated with progressive liver disease. The risk of progressing to chronic hepatitis B following acute HBV infection varies with age; approximately 90% of infants progress to chronic conditions, while less than 5% of adults devel...

  Chronic hepatitis B infection is defined as HBsAg in the serum for six months. HBeAg and HBV DNA (measured using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay) are viral replication and infectivity markers, whereas HBsAg is a hepatitis B viral infection marker. Cirrhosis, liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death are severe complications of chronic infection. HBV DNA can be found in the serum without HBeAg in a small percentage of patients. The "precore" mutant in these patients prevents completion and excretion of the "e" antigen despite active HBV DNA replication and is linked to progressive liver disease. The risk for developing chronic hepatitis B after acute HBV infection is age-dependent; approximately 90% of infants become chronically infected, whereas only. Less than 5% of adults experience chronic illness. If HBV transmission occurs at age ≤5 years, long‐term consequences such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, or HCC would be ...

  Chronic hepatitis B infection is defined as HBsAg in the serum for six months. HBeAg and HBV DNA (measured using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay) are viral replication and infectivity markers, whereas HBsAg is a hepatitis B viral infection marker. Cirrhosis, liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death are severe complications of chronic infection. HBV DNA can be found in the serum without HBeAg in a small percentage of patients. The "precore" mutant in these patients prevents completion and excretion of the "e" antigen despite active HBV DNA replication and is linked to progressive liver disease. The risk of developing chronic hepatitis B after acute HBV infection is age-dependent; approximately 90% of infants become chronically infected. Less than 5% of adults experience chronic illness. If HBV transmission occurs at age ≤5 years, long ‐ term consequences such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, or HCC would be significant problems. The competit...