Thelansis

  Bronchial spasm, or bronchospasm, refers to the abnormal contraction of bronchial smooth muscles when exposed to various stimuli like allergens or irritants. This leads to the narrowing and blockage of the airways. Factors such as mechanical or chemical irritants and underlying airway hyperactivity, as seen in upper airway tract infections and smoking, can often trigger this condition. Several factors can induce bronchospasm, including airway irritation, anaphylaxis, aspiration, pulmonary edema, allergies, acute asthma exacerbation, a wrongly positioned endotracheal tube, or issues during extubation. Signs and symptoms of bronchospasm encompass expiratory wheezes, skin rash, elevated peak airway pressure, desaturation (reduced oxygen levels), increased EtCO2 (end-tidal carbon dioxide levels), and a distinctive 'shark-fin' appearance on the capnogram. Differential diagnosis should include endobronchial intubation, airway foreign bodies, mucus blockages, kinks in the circuit ...

 Bronchial spasm, or bronchospasm, refers to the abnormal contraction of bronchial smooth muscles when exposed to various stimuli like allergens or irritants. This leads to the narrowing and blockage of the airways. Factors such as mechanical or chemical irritants and underlying airway hyperactivity, as seen in upper airway tract infections and smoking, can often trigger this condition. Several factors can induce bronchospasm, including airway irritation, anaphylaxis, aspiration, pulmonary edema, allergies, acute asthma exacerbation, a wrongly positioned endotracheal tube, or issues during extubation. Signs and symptoms of bronchospasm encompass expiratory wheezes, skin rash, elevated peak airway pressure, desaturation (reduced oxygen levels), increased EtCO2 (end-tidal carbon dioxide levels), and a distinctive 'shark-fin' appearance on the capnogram. Differential diagnosis should include endobronchial intubation, airway foreign bodies, mucus blockages, kinks in the circuit or ...