Thelansis

Interstitial cystitis (IC), or Bladder pain syndrome (BPS), is a persistent condition causing painful urinary symptoms. It's characterized by ongoing discomfort (pain, pressure, bladder spasms) in the pelvic region, lasting over six months, often worsening during bladder filling. Limited bladder capacity is common but not obligatory. Frequent urination, nighttime urination, and urgency are frequently associated with IC. There are two distinct types: Hunner-Type and Non-Hunner-Type IC. The exact cause of this disorder remains uncertain, likely involving various factors such as changes in bladder lining permeability, prior infections (including bacterial cystitis history), hormonal, vascular, or neurological abnormalities, trauma, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, as well as risk factors like pelvic surgery, alterations in the microbiome, reduced microcirculation, histamine sensitivity, pelvic floor dysfunction, endometriosis, genetic factors, and psychological factors. Diagnosing I...