Thelansis

  Cerebral infarction, or ischemic encephalopathy, occurs when blood flow to a specific brain area is reduced due to the narrowing or blockage of a cerebral blood vessel or a drop in blood pressure. It is a common cause of acute brain injury resulting from insufficient blood supply to the brain. Cerebral ischemia can take two forms: global or focal. Global cerebral ischemia is typically a consequence of systemic factors, often associated with shock, with systemic hypotension being the primary cause. Transient cerebral hypoperfusion can occur when autonomic and neurohormonal mechanisms controlling blood pressure and heart rate are disrupted, as seen in conditions like vasovagal syncope and postural tachycardia syndromes. Structural and functional heart issues, particularly arrhythmias, are the second most frequent cause of transient global brain ischemia. When the effect is temporary, it often presents as presyncope or syncope. In contrast, prolonged global ischemia can lead to pe...