Thelansis

 Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), also known as Devic syndrome, manifests as a clinical syndrome characterized by recurrent acute optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. In the majority of patients, NMO is driven by pathogenic serum IgG autoantibodies targeting aquaporin 4 (AQP4), which happens to be the most prevalent water-channel protein within the central nervous system (CNS). In more than 80% of cases, NMO is a result of the presence of pathogenic IgG autoantibodies directed against aquaporin 4 (AQP4-IgG), the predominant water channel protein in the CNS. Roughly 10–40% of individuals diagnosed with NMO who do not possess AQP4-IgG instead have IgG autoantibodies targeting myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG). Notably, MOG-IgG is also detected in a subgroup of patients, primarily children, with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). The most prominent risk factor for NMO is gender, with a strong association observed in females, particularly in those with AQP4-IgG-posi...