Barrett’s Esophagus – Market Outlook, Epidemiology, Competitive Landscape, and Market Forecast Report – 2023 To 2033
Barrett's Esophagus (BE) represents a pre-cancerous state characterized by transforming normal esophageal squamous epithelium into metaplastic columnar epithelium. Most patients with BE have a documented history of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), involving the regurgitation of stomach and bile acids through the lower esophageal sphincter into the distal esophagus. While the precise pathogenesis of BE remains incompletely understood, progress has been made in elucidating the molecular changes and primary cell types involved. Research suggests that acid exposure prompts squamous epithelial cells to release inflammatory cytokines such as IL8 and IL1b, initiating an inflammatory cascade that recruits T lymphocytes and neutrophils into the epithelial layer. Bile acids, in particular, have been shown to upregulate CDX2, a factor for intestinal differentiation, and MUC2, a gene specific to goblet cells, in both normal columnar and esophageal cancer cell lines. Diagnosi...
