Thelansis

  Lupus nephritis (LN) is a significant and common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that significantly impacts patients' well-being and survival. In adults with SLE, up to 60% experience varying degrees of renal disease during their illness. Despite advances in treatment, including the use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs like cyclophosphamide (CYP) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a notable percentage of LN patients, ranging from 20% to 70%, do not respond well to standard immunosuppressive therapy. When patients with LN fail to achieve clinical remission after appropriate induction immunosuppressive treatment, it is termed refractory lupus nephritis, significantly raising the risk of advancing to end-stage kidney disease and death. Molecular biomarkers show promise as potential substitutes for kidney biopsies in predicting renal outcomes and long-term prognosis. However, the key factor of medication adherence can distinguish between refractory (o...