Thelansis

 Vaginal cancer is a rare gynecological malignancy, accounting for only 1-2% of all gynecologic neoplasms. Most cases (90%) are squamous cell carcinomas, while 5% are adenocarcinomas. Squamous cell carcinomas spread superficially, with the lungs and liver common sites of distant metastasis. Adenocarcinomas have a peak incidence between 17-21 years of age and tend to metastasize to the lung and supraclavicular or pelvic nodes. Clear-cell adenocarcinomas are the least common and are usually associated with adenosis. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a known cause of vagina carcinoma, with subtypes HPV 16 and 18 being the primary types responsible. HPV infection can lead to the development of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL) and carcinoma of the vagina. The viral proteins E6 and E7 interfere with critical cell cycle points and contribute to HPV-related neoplasia. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure in utero has also been linked to vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma. Pr...