Thelansis

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is caused by an anaerobic, spore-forming, gram-positive bacterium that resides in the intestinal tract of individuals, particularly those whose normal gut microbiota has been disrupted due to antibiotic therapy or other factors. C. difficile bacterium produces two primary toxins, A and B, which damage the intestinal mucosa, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea and colitis. In severe cases, the infection can progress to shock, ileus, and toxic megacolon. In high-income countries, C. difficile infection is the leading cause of infectious diarrhea among hospitalized patients. Initial antibiotic treatment fails in 20% to 35% of cases; 40% to 60% experience a second recurrence among these individuals. The recurrence of C. difficile infection after the initial treatment imposes significant morbidity and burdens healthcare systems substantially. The FDA has approved several drugs to treat C. difficile infections, including Fidaxomicin (Dificid), Vowst,...

  Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is an anaerobic spore-forming bacillus that colonizes the intestinal tract in patients whose normal gut microbiota is disrupted by antibiotic therapy or for any other reason. C difficile produces two major toxins—toxins A and B—that cause intestinal mucosal injury, diarrhea, and colitis. In some cases, fulminant infection leads to shock, ileus, and toxic megacolon. In high-income countries, C. difficile is the most common cause of infectious diarrhea in hospitalized patients. Between 20% and 35% of patients with C. difficile infection will fail initial antibiotic treatment, and, of these, 40–60% will have a second recurrence. Recurrence of C. difficile infection after initial treatment causes substantial morbidity and is a major burden on health care systems. Antibiotics are the mainstay treatments for both primary and recurrent CDI, with a recent trend toward vancomycin and fidaxomicin over metronidazole. About 15-35% of CDI patients su...