Thelansis

  Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy from the epithelial cells lining the nasopharynx. In the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, NPC is categorized into three subtypes: 1) squamous cell carcinoma, typically found in the elderly population; 2) non-keratinizing carcinoma; 3) undifferentiated carcinoma. This tumor can spread within or beyond the nasopharynx to involve the lateral wall and posterosuperiorly, affecting the skull base, palate, nasal cavity, or oropharynx. Subsequently, it often metastasizes to the cervical lymph nodes. Etiological factors encompass the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), genetic predisposition, and the consumption of potentially carcinogenic foods, particularly those containing volatile nitrosamines. Regrettably, the diagnosis of NPC typically occurs at an advanced or metastatic stage, with recurrence and distant metastasis being the primary causes of mortality in patients. Over the past few decades, advances in chemoradiation strategies...