Thelansis

  Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by a breakdown of immune tolerance, resulting in dysregulated inflammation and subsequent multi-organ damage. The innate and adaptive immune systems are critically involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, with B cell-derived pathogenic autoantibodies playing a central role. The clinical presentation of SLE varies among individuals, with patients experiencing episodic disease exacerbations known as flares. SLE can manifest in a range of symptoms, including arthritis, nephritis, cardiorespiratory inflammation, central nervous system abnormalities, and hematological disorders. Notably, renal involvement occurs in up to 40% of SLE patients, significantly contributing to chronic morbidity, including kidney failure and, in some cases, mortality. While advancements, such as the use of corticosteroids, have substantially reduced SLE-related mortality, refractory or severe forms of the disease can sti...