Thelansis

 Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common leukemia in adults, characterized by the proliferation of immature "blast cells" in the blood and bone marrow, leading to bone marrow failure. The primary risk factor is a myelodysplastic syndrome; environmental exposures like radiation and tobacco smoke also increase the risk. AML has eight subtypes based on the cell of origin. AML is marked by genetic mutations, with specific chromosomal translocations indicating prognosis. For instance, t(8;21), t(15;17), and inv(16) are associated with a more favorable prognosis, while t(9;11), monosomy 5 or 7, and normal cytogenetics (CN-AML) have an intermediate risk. About 25% to 30% of AML cases involve mutations in Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1), which is more common in females. Treatment options include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or stem cell transplantation. ·        The age-adjusted incidence of AML is 4.3 per 100,000 annually in the USA.   Thelansis’...