Thelansis

  Renal cell carcinomas exhibit significant variability in tumor biology and disease progression, leading to diverse treatment approaches for localized and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Despite numerous advancements in systemic therapy, metastatic RCC remains without a cure. About one-third of RCC patients are initially diagnosed with metastatic disease, and a notable portion of those with localized disease will experience recurrence. Metastasectomy stands as the standard of care for patients with limited metastatic sites. Additional FDA approvals have been secured for mRCC, including cabozantinib, a VEGFR/MET/AXL inhibitor, nivolumab, a programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, and lenvatinib, a multikinase inhibitor sanctioned in combination with everolimus. Several targeted therapies, primarily focusing on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or its receptor (VEGFR) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), have been endorsed. VEGF inhibitors such as ax...