Thelansis

  Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm, accounting for 10-15% of lung cancer cases, characterized by rapid growth, and early metastasis. SCLC usually manifests as a large hilar mass with bulky mediastinal lymphadenopathy presenting clinically with chest pain, persistent cough, dyspnea, wheezing, hoarseness, hemoptysis, loss of appetite, weight loss, and neurological and endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes. SCLC is primarily reported in elderly people with a history of long-term tobacco exposure. Etiology- SCLC is primarily caused by cancer-causing chemicals (carcinogens) that are found in tobacco smoke. These carcinogens cause damage to the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid; genes) in cells which leads to cancer. There are many different oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes that have been linked to SCLC. Two tumor suppressor genes that have been linked to many people with SCLC are the TP53 gene, which has been associated with many cancers, and the RB...