Thelansis

  Infection and swelling of the kidney and renal pelvis are called pyelonephritis. Pyelonephritis is a potentially catastrophic complication of transplantation. Pyelonephritis can result in graft loss and manifest as acute renal failure. Based on a single series, 80% of bouts of pyelonephritis occur a year or more after transplantation, with E. Coli being the most prevalent pathogen in 80% of cases. When pyuria is present, flank discomfort and soreness strongly suggest pyelonephritis and help to distinguish it from other UTIs. Every patient should have a urine culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing; if clinically appropriate, the urine culture should be completed before the patient receives antibiotics. A significant inflammatory response to renal parenchymal infection in pyelonephritis leads to swelling that modifies normal tissue characteristics and efficiency. A urinalysis and culture with sensitivity testing are necessary for all patients with suspected pyelonephrit...