Thelansis

  Congenital recessive ichthyoses are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized clinically by scaling of the skin and histologically by the presence of a thickened stratum corneum. Most mutations are found in the TGM1 gene encoding transglutaminase 1, involved in forming the epidermal cornified cell envelope. ABCA12 encodes an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, involved in lipid transport, and ALOX12B, ALOXE3, and CYP4F22 code, respectively, for arachidonate 12(R)-lipoxygenase, arachidonate lipoxygenase-3, and cytochrome P450 protein, all involved in lipid metabolism. Symptoms include abnormally red, dry, and rough skin with large or fine white scales. The scales' appearance can vary; in some forms, the scales are fine and white, while in others, the scales are dark and brown, separated by deep cracks. The skin is also irritated. The skin on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet can be very thick. Other complications can arise from more severe cases of ichthy...

  Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a complex and highly morbid entity conceptualized as a vicious cycle of injury, cardiac and systemic decompensation, and further damage and decompensation. The primary insult is a reduction in myocardial contractility resulting in diminished cardiac output, hypotension, systemic vasoconstriction, and cardiac ischemia. The hallmark is peripheral vasoconstriction and vital end-organ damage, resulting from ineffective stroke volume and insufficient circulatory compensation. Compensatory peripheral vasoconstriction may initially improve coronary and peripheral perfusion. However, it contributes to increased cardiac afterload that overburdens damaged myocardium. This results in diminished oxygenated blood flow to peripheral tissue and the heart. Systemic inflammation causes pathological vasodilation, releasing nitric oxide synthase and peroxynitrite, which have cardiotoxic inotropic effects. Interleukins and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) are additional ...

  Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), which includes both ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and non-radiographic axial SpA, is the most common type of chronic inflammatory arthritis affecting the axial skeleton (AS). AS affects 0.1–0.5 percent of the population and is characterized by inflammatory back pain, radiographic sacroiliitis, excess spinal bone formation, and a high prevalence of HLA–B27. Although non-radiographic axial SpA shares several features with AS, advanced sacroiliac joint damage and spine ankylosis are absent. The severity of arthralgia, stiffness, and limited flexibility vary widely among patients and throughout axial SpA. The skeletal disease may be accompanied by uveitis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Axial SpA can impose substantial physical and social burdens on patients and interfere with day-to-day life. Axial SpA is associated with a significant disease burden, including significant pain, stiffness, and impaired physical function. Despite this b...

  Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most common diseases in developing countries. It is commonly known as a heart attack, and it occurs when there is a sudden blockage in blood flow in one or more of the coronary arteries, cutting off blood supply to a part of the heart muscle and causing necrosis. If the blockage is severe, the heart may stop beating. This is most commonly caused by occlusion or blockage of a coronary artery caused by a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque rupture, an unstable collection of lipids and white blood cells in the artery wall. Myocardial infarction usually begins in the endocardium and spreads towards the epicardium. Acute myocardial infarction symptoms include chest pain that may spread to the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. This type of pain always begins in the center or left side of the chest and lasts a few minutes. The onset of symptoms in acute myocardial infarction is usually gradual, over several minutes, and rarely instantaneous...

  Acute Coronary Syndrome is one of the most common diseases in developing countries. It is commonly known as a heart attack, and it occurs when there is a sudden blockage in blood flow in one or more of the coronary arteries, cutting off blood supply to a part of the heart muscle and causing necrosis. If the blockage is severe, the heart may stop beating. This is most commonly caused by occlusion or blockage of a coronary artery caused by a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque rupture, an unstable collection of lipids and white blood cells in the artery wall. Myocardial infarction usually begins in the endocardium and spreads towards the epicardium. Acute myocardial infarction symptoms include chest pain that may spread to the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. This type of pain always begins in the center or left side of the chest and lasts a few minutes. The onset of symptoms in acute myocardial infarction is usually gradual, over several minutes, and rarely instantaneous. The in...

Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis – Market outlook, Epidemiology, Market Forecast, and Competitive Landscape Report – 2021 To 2032  

  Oculocutaneous Albinism (OCA) – Market outlook, Epidemiology, Market Forecast, and Competitive Landscape Report – 2021 To 2032